CSA S16-19 Cl. 13.3.1, 13.10, 13.13.2.2, 14.3.2 and 14.4.2; AISC 360-22 J10

Concentrated load on a beam web

Verified against CSA S16-19, AISC 360-22 and CISC SST 12.1, 2026-09-29

Web yielding, crippling and sidesway buckling of a W shape, and bearing stiffeners, to CSA S16. Check a W shape under a concentrated load or a support reaction, at its end or inside the span. The unstiffened web is checked for local yielding, crippling and sidesway buckling; a pair of bearing stiffeners is checked with its strip of web as a column, for bearing on the flange, and for its welds to the web.

Given

Jump to results
changed from the declared value \(P_{f}\) \(\mathrm{kN}\) 0-20,000
changed from the declared value \(\mathrm{location}\)
changed from the declared value \(N\) \(\mathrm{mm}\) 0-2,000
changed from the declared value \(M_{f}\) \(\mathrm{kN} \cdot \mathrm{m}\) 0-20,000
changed from the declared value \(L\) \(\mathrm{mm}\) 100-30,000
changed from the declared value \(\mathrm{restrained}\)
changed from the declared value \(F_{y}\) \(\mathrm{MPa}\) 200-700
changed from the declared value \(\mathrm{section}\)
changed from the declared value \(\mathrm{stiffeners}\)
changed from the declared value \(b_{1}\) \(\mathrm{mm}\) 25-500
changed from the declared value \(t_{1}\) \(\mathrm{mm}\) 3-100
changed from the declared value \(D\) \(\mathrm{mm}\) 3-30
changed from the declared value \(X_{u}\) \(\mathrm{MPa}\) 400-700
changed from the declared value \(F_{y1}\) \(\mathrm{MPa}\) 200-700
d = 247 mm b = 202 mm
The section at the load, to scale.

Title block

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Checks

Check D/C Utilisation Result
Web slenderness ok\(\frac{\htmlClass{sym-h}{h}}{\htmlClass{sym-w}{w}} \cdot \frac{\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}}}{1\ \mathrm{MPa}} \leq 83000 \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{\htmlClass{sym-h}{225\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}} \cdot \frac{\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}}}{1\ \mathrm{MPa}} \leq 83000\) 0.13 PASS
Stiffener outstand ok\(\frac{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-b_1}{b_{1}}}{\htmlClass{sym-t_1}{t_{1}}} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-F_y1}{F_{y1}} \cdot 1\ \mathrm{MPa}}}{1\ \mathrm{MPa}} \leq 200 \quad \Rightarrow \quad \frac{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-b_1}{80\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\htmlClass{sym-t_1}{10\ \mathrm{mm}}} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-F_y1}{300\ \mathrm{MPa}} \cdot 1\ \mathrm{MPa}}}{1\ \mathrm{MPa}} \leq 200\) 0.69 PASS
Stiffened ok\(\htmlClass{sym-P_f}{P_{f}} \leq \htmlClass{sym-C_r}{C_{r}} \quad \Rightarrow \quad \htmlClass{sym-P_f}{400\ \mathrm{kN}} \leq \htmlClass{sym-C_r}{609.3\ \mathrm{kN}}\) 0.66 PASS

Results

Quantity Description Value Unit
\(\htmlClass{sym-B_r}{B_{r}}\) Bearing resistance without stiffeners 206.2 \(\mathrm{kN}\)
\(\htmlClass{sym-C_r}{C_{r}}\) Bearing resistance with stiffeners 609.3 \(\mathrm{kN}\)
\(\htmlClass{sym-B_r4}{B_{r4}}\) Flange local bending, a tensile force 133.4 \(\mathrm{kN}\)
\(\htmlClass{sym-B_r5}{B_{r5}}\) Web buckling, forces on both flanges 200.1 \(\mathrm{kN}\)

Derivation

S.1 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-E}{E} &= 200\ \mathrm{GPa} \end{aligned}\]
S.2 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-d}{d} &= 247\ \mathrm{mm} \quad \left(\text{Depth of section or height of vertical leg}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.3 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-b}{b} &= 202\ \mathrm{mm} \quad \left(\text{Width of flange or horizontal leg}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.4 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-t}{t} &= 11\ \mathrm{mm} \quad \left(\text{Thickness of flange}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.5 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-w}{w} &= 7.4\ \mathrm{mm} \quad \left(\text{Thickness of web}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.6 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-k}{k} &= 32\ \mathrm{mm} \quad \left(\text{Distance between outer face of flange and web-toe of fillet}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.7 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-S_x}{S_{x}} &= 572000\ \mathrm{mm}^{3} \quad \left(\text{Elastic section modulus about axis XX}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.8 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-phi_be}{\phi_{\mathrm{be}}} &= 0.75 \quad \left(\text{End reaction | S16 Cl. 13.1 f), 14.3.2}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.9

S16 Cl. 14.3.2

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r1}{B_{r1}} &= \htmlClass{sym-phi_be}{\phi_{\mathrm{be}}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{w} \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-N}{N} + 4 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{t}\right) \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}} \\ &= \htmlClass{sym-phi_be}{0.75} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}} \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-N}{250\ \mathrm{mm}} + 4 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{11\ \mathrm{mm}}\right) \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}} \\ &= 571.1\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.10

S16 Cl. 14.3.2

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r2}{B_{r2}} &= 0.6 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-phi_be}{\phi_{\mathrm{be}}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{w}^{2} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-E}{E}} \\ &= 0.6 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-phi_be}{0.75} \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{2} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-E}{200\ \mathrm{GPa}}} \\ &= 206.2\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.11 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-h_c}{h_{c}} &= \htmlClass{sym-d}{d} - 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-k}{k} \\ &= \htmlClass{sym-d}{247\ \mathrm{mm}} - 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-k}{32\ \mathrm{mm}} \\ &= 183\ \mathrm{mm} \end{aligned}\]
S.12 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-alpha}{\alpha} &= \frac{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{h_{c}}}{\htmlClass{sym-w}{w}}}{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-L}{L}}{\htmlClass{sym-b}{b}}} \\ &= \frac{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{183\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}}}{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-L}{6000\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\htmlClass{sym-b}{202\ \mathrm{mm}}}} \\ &= 0.8326 \end{aligned}\]
S.13 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-M_y}{M_{y}} &= \htmlClass{sym-S_x}{S_{x}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}} \\ &= \htmlClass{sym-S_x}{572000\ \mathrm{mm}^{3}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}} \\ &= 200.2\ \mathrm{kN} \cdot \mathrm{m} \end{aligned}\]

Branch: \(M_{f} < M_{y}\) held

S.14 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-C_rs}{C_{\mathrm{rs}}} &= 6.62\ \mathrm{TPa} \quad \left(\text{M\_f < M\_y | AISC J10.4}\right) \end{aligned}\]

Branch: \(\alpha \leq 2.3\) held

S.15

AISC J10.4 (a)

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r3}{B_{r3}} &= \frac{0.85 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-C_rs}{C_{\mathrm{rs}}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{w}^{3} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{t}}{\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{h_{c}}^{2}} \cdot \left(1 + 0.4 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-alpha}{\alpha}^{3}\right) \\ &= \frac{0.85 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-C_rs}{6.62\ \mathrm{TPa}} \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{3} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{11\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\left(\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{183\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{2}} \cdot \left(1 + 0.4 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-alpha}{0.8326}^{3}\right) \\ &= 921.9\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.16 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r}{B_{r}} &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-B_r1}{B_{r1}}, \htmlClass{sym-B_r2}{B_{r2}}, \htmlClass{sym-B_r3}{B_{r3}}\right) \\ &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-B_r1}{571.1\ \mathrm{kN}}, \htmlClass{sym-B_r2}{206.2\ \mathrm{kN}}, \htmlClass{sym-B_r3}{921.9\ \mathrm{kN}}\right) \\ &= 206.2\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.17

S16 Cl. 21.3 (b), halved at the end by AISC J10.1

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r4}{B_{r4}} &= \frac{0.9 \cdot 7 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{t}^{2} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}}}{2} \\ &= \frac{0.9 \cdot 7 \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-t}{11\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{2} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}}}{2} \\ &= 133.4\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.18

AISC J10.5, halved at the end

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_r5}{B_{r5}} &= \frac{0.9 \cdot 12 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{w}^{3} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-E}{E} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}}}}{\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{h_{c}}} \\ &= \frac{0.9 \cdot 12 \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{3} \cdot \sqrt{\htmlClass{sym-E}{200\ \mathrm{GPa}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}}}}{\htmlClass{sym-h_c}{183\ \mathrm{mm}}} \\ &= 200.1\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.19 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-h}{h} &= \htmlClass{sym-d}{d} - 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{t} \\ &= \htmlClass{sym-d}{247\ \mathrm{mm}} - 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t}{11\ \mathrm{mm}} \\ &= 225\ \mathrm{mm} \end{aligned}\]
S.20 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{F_{\mathrm{ye}}} &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{F_{y}}, \htmlClass{sym-F_y1}{F_{y1}}\right) \\ &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-F_y}{350\ \mathrm{MPa}}, \htmlClass{sym-F_y1}{300\ \mathrm{MPa}}\right) \\ &= 300\ \mathrm{MPa} \end{aligned}\]
S.21

S16 Cl. 14.4.2, 12 w of web

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-A_0}{A_{0}} &= 12 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-w}{w}^{2} + 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t_1}{t_{1}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-b_1}{b_{1}} \\ &= 12 \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{2} + 2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t_1}{10\ \mathrm{mm}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-b_1}{80\ \mathrm{mm}} \\ &= 2257\ \mathrm{mm}^{2} \end{aligned}\]
S.22 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-I_s}{I_{s}} &= \frac{\htmlClass{sym-t_1}{t_{1}} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-b_1}{b_{1}} + \htmlClass{sym-w}{w}\right)^{3}}{12} \\ &= \frac{\htmlClass{sym-t_1}{10\ \mathrm{mm}} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-b_1}{80\ \mathrm{mm}} + \htmlClass{sym-w}{7.4\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)^{3}}{12} \\ &= 3.909 \times 10^{6}\ \mathrm{mm}^{4} \end{aligned}\]
S.23 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-r_s}{r_{s}} &= \sqrt{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-I_s}{I_{s}}}{\htmlClass{sym-A_0}{A_{0}}}} \\ &= \sqrt{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-I_s}{3.909 \times 10^{6}\ \mathrm{mm}^{4}}}{\htmlClass{sym-A_0}{2257\ \mathrm{mm}^{2}}}} \\ &= 41.62\ \mathrm{mm} \end{aligned}\]
S.24 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-lambda_s}{\lambda_{s}} &= \frac{0.75 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-h}{h}}{\htmlClass{sym-r_s}{r_{s}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{F_{\mathrm{ye}}}}{1.974\ \mathrm{TPa}}} \\ &= \frac{0.75 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-h}{225\ \mathrm{mm}}}{\htmlClass{sym-r_s}{41.62\ \mathrm{mm}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{300\ \mathrm{MPa}}}{1.974\ \mathrm{TPa}}} \\ &= 0.04999 \end{aligned}\]
S.25

S16 Cl. 13.3.1, n = 1.34

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-C_r1}{C_{r1}} &= 0.9 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-A_0}{A_{0}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{F_{\mathrm{ye}}} \cdot \left(1 + \htmlClass{sym-lambda_s}{\lambda_{s}}^{2 \cdot 1.34}\right)^{\frac{-1}{1.34}} \\ &= 0.9 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-A_0}{2257\ \mathrm{mm}^{2}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{300\ \mathrm{MPa}} \cdot \left(1 + \htmlClass{sym-lambda_s}{0.04999}^{2 \cdot 1.34}\right)^{\frac{-1}{1.34}} \\ &= 609.3\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.26 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-phi_w}{\phi_{w}} &= 0.67 \quad \left(\text{Weld resistance factor | S16 Cl. 13.1 h)}\right) \end{aligned}\]
S.27

S16 Cl. 13.13.2.2, weld metal

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-V_r1}{V_{r1}} &= 4 \cdot 0.67 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-phi_w}{\phi_{w}} \cdot 0.707 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-D}{D} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-h_c}{h_{c}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-X_u}{X_{u}} \\ &= 4 \cdot 0.67 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-phi_w}{0.67} \cdot 0.707 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-D}{6\ \mathrm{mm}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-h_c}{183\ \mathrm{mm}} \cdot \htmlClass{sym-X_u}{490\ \mathrm{MPa}} \\ &= 683\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.28

S16 Cl. 13.10 (a), clear of the fillet

\[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-V_r3}{V_{r3}} &= 0.9 \cdot 1.5 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{F_{\mathrm{ye}}} \cdot 2 \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-b_1}{b_{1}} - \left(\htmlClass{sym-k}{k} - \htmlClass{sym-t}{t}\right)\right) \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t_1}{t_{1}} \\ &= 0.9 \cdot 1.5 \cdot \htmlClass{sym-F_ye}{300\ \mathrm{MPa}} \cdot 2 \cdot \left(\htmlClass{sym-b_1}{80\ \mathrm{mm}} - \left(\htmlClass{sym-k}{32\ \mathrm{mm}} - \htmlClass{sym-t}{11\ \mathrm{mm}}\right)\right) \cdot \htmlClass{sym-t_1}{10\ \mathrm{mm}} \\ &= 477.9\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.29 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-B_rs}{B_{\mathrm{rs}}} &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-V_r1}{V_{r1}}, \htmlClass{sym-V_r3}{V_{r3}}\right) \\ &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-V_r1}{683\ \mathrm{kN}}, \htmlClass{sym-V_r3}{477.9\ \mathrm{kN}}\right) \\ &= 477.9\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.30 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-C_r2}{C_{r2}} &= \htmlClass{sym-B_rs}{B_{\mathrm{rs}}} + \htmlClass{sym-B_r}{B_{r}} \\ &= \htmlClass{sym-B_rs}{477.9\ \mathrm{kN}} + \htmlClass{sym-B_r}{206.2\ \mathrm{kN}} \\ &= 684.1\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]
S.31 \[\begin{aligned} \htmlClass{sym-C_r}{C_{r}} &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-C_r1}{C_{r1}}, \htmlClass{sym-C_r2}{C_{r2}}\right) \\ &= \min\left(\htmlClass{sym-C_r1}{609.3\ \mathrm{kN}}, \htmlClass{sym-C_r2}{684.1\ \mathrm{kN}}\right) \\ &= 609.3\ \mathrm{kN} \end{aligned}\]

Questions

Why is AISC used for sidesway web buckling?

S16 has no clause for it, so the calc takes AISC 360 Section J10.4, which applies when the tension flange is not restrained at the load.

When does AISC J10.4 sidesway web buckling not apply?

When (h/w)/(L/b) exceeds 2.3 with the compression flange restrained against rotation, or 1.7 without.